RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Crash–O–Phobia
JF The Journal of Derivatives
FD Institutional Investor Journals
SP 8
OP 21
DO 10.3905/jod.2005.605352
VO 13
IS 2
A1 Silverio Foresi
A1 Liuren Wu
YR 2005
UL https://pm-research.com/content/13/2/8.abstract
AB From a large options data set on major equity indexes across the world, the authors find that worldwide, implied volatilities of options on equity indexes exhibit strikingly similar behaviors. When plotted against moneyness, implied volatilities show a heavily skewed smirk pattern, implying that out–of–the–money put options are more expensive than the corresponding out–of–the–money call options and that the risk–neutral return distribution for these indexes is heavily negatively skewed. Furthermore, as the option maturity increases from one month to five years, the implied volatility smirk does not flatten out but steepens, indicating that the risk–neutral distribution of equity index returns becomes even more negatively skewed at longer horizons. The average term structure of the implied volatility level is relatively flat, and the standard deviation of the implied volatility declines as maturity increases. Although fairly persistent, the implied volatility series are stationary. Finally, principal component analysis reveals that equity index volatility movements across the world share one global component.