The molecular origin of standard metabolic rate and thermogenesis in mammals is examined.
It is pointed out that there are important differences and distinctions between the cellular …

This article reviews static and dynamic interfacial effects in magnetism, focusing on interfacially
driven magnetic effects and phenomena associated with spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic …

Dysregulation of osteoclastic differentiation and its activity is a hallmark of various musculoskeletal
disease states. In this review, the complex molecular factors underlying osteoclastic …

Previous studies measured a long‐term increase in infiltration rate in a sandy loam soil with
time when alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., cv. WL514) was grown. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.…

Spin currents can apply useful torques in spintronic devices. The spin Hall effect has been
proposed as a source of spin current, but its modest strength has limited its usefulness. We …

The recent discovery that a spin-polarized electrical current can apply a large torque to a
ferromagnet, through direct transfer of spin angular momentum, offers the possibility of …

Using thin film pillars∼ 100 nm in diameter, containing two Co layers of different thicknesses
separated by a Cu spacer, we examine the process by which the scattering from the …

Using molecules as electronic components is a powerful new direction in the science and
technology of nanometre-scale systems 1 . Experiments to date have examined a multitude of …

We show that in a perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co bilayer the spin-Hall effect (SHE) in Pt
can produce a spin torque strong enough to efficiently rotate and switch the Co magnetization…

This book provides a solid foundation and an extensive study for an important class of
constrained optimization problems known as Mathematical Programs with Equilibrium Constraints …